目录

1． 安装前的准备

2． 磁盘空间划分

3． BIOS设置

4． 安装

5． 启动 Solaris操作系统

6． 图形界面方案选择

7． 登录 Solaris

8． 运行 sys-unconfig命令，对系统重新进行设置

9． Xorg设置

二． 附录

1． 附录一 sys-unconfig用法

2． 附录二 Solaris 10中进行 xorg设置

一 . 安装和设置步骤

为了应对安装过程中发生的不可预知情况，强烈建议在安装前 先对现有系统进行备份。

1) 使用 SAID 安装 Solaris ，要求磁盘上已存在一个 Solaris 分区或一块未分配的磁盘空 间。

a) 如果目前系统上只安装了 Windows ，那么磁盘上必须要有一块未分配的磁盘空间（大于 8G Bytes ）。因为 Solaris 安装程序需要一块未分配的磁 盘空间来创建 Solaris 类型的 fdisk 主分区，用来存放 Solaris 操作系统。如果目前磁盘上所有空间都已分配，可用 pqmagic 或其它磁盘分区工具通过减小 或删除已有分区来划分出一块未用的磁盘空间。另外，由于磁盘最多只允许有 4 个主分区，所以现有主分区数量不要多于 3 个，以预留一个主分区给 Solaris 。

b) 如果磁盘上原来已经安装了 Solaris ，并且 Solaris 分区的容量大于 8G Bytes ，则不需要进行对磁盘分区进行调整， SAID 将在现有的 Solaris 分区上安装，原有 Solaris 系统将被覆盖掉。

2) 安装过程中，已有的 FAT/FAT32/NTFS 格式的分区将 被保留，现有的 Windows 系统不会被破坏，而且在安装完 Solaris 10 后 Windows 系统仍然能被正常引导。而对于当前磁盘上已安装了其它 Unix/Linux 操作系统的情况，由于 目前尚未进行相关测试，所以不能保证已有的 Unix/Linux 操作系统在安装完 Solaris 之后仍被保留。

. 在 BIOS 中将系统启动方式设置为光盘引导，保存设置，重新启动

. 系统以光盘方式启动后，在Grub菜单中选择自动安装方式或者高级定制安装方式（缺省为自动安装方式）

. 在License agreement页面中按回车键继续

. 如果前面选择的是自动安装方式，在接下来的步骤中无需

. 如果前面选择的是高级定制方式，需先手动进行网络、语言、时区等系统标识信息的设置，以及磁盘、分区的定制，完成后安装过程继续

. 安装结束后，光盘自动弹出。取出光盘，回车，系统将自动重启。

说明：如果选择的是自动安装方式 ，SAID将尝试通过dhcp方式进行网络设置，如果失败将设置成无网络方式 。

Solaris 通过使用 Grub 程序来支持多系统的引导。开机自检过后，屏幕上将出现 Grub 引导界面，提示对操作系统进行选择，分别是：

Windows

Solaris 10 */** s10x_u*wos_*** X86

Solaris failsafe

选择第二项，启动 Solaris 10 。

说明： 如果之前已经 安装了 Windows 操作系统，Grub菜单中将自动创建Windows引导项。

启动 Solaris 系统的过程中，有时会弹出 kdmconfig 程序，提示 Xorg 和 Xsun 两种图形界面方案进行选择，一般选择 Xorg 方式即可。

以 root 用户登录，用户名： root ；密码： root

当前系统的缺省设置如下：

Solaris 磁盘分区信息：

c0d0s0 / 总的 Solaris 磁盘空间减去 swap 和 /export/home 所占空间

c0d0s1 swap 2GB

可运行 sys-unconfig 命令，对系统的 Identification 信息重新进行 设置。具体过程见附录 1 ： 《 sys-unconfig命令用法》 。

如果启动 solaris 后发现图形界面无法运行或显 示的分辨率和颜色值不符合需要，可对 Xorg 设置进行定制。

/etc/X11/ 目录下提供了一些针对特定机型使用的 xorg.conf 模板文件。使用的时候将 模板文件名改为 xorg.conf ，然后重新登录或重启系统。

也可以使用 xorgconfig 工具根据实际使用的显 卡型号进行手工设置。 xorgconfig 工具的使用方法可参考附录 2 ： 《 Solaris 10中进行 xorg设置》 。

二 . 附录

# sys-unconfig

回车，屏幕上出现如下提示

WARNING

to revert to a "blank" system - it will not have a name or know

about other systems or networks.

输入 y ，系统将重启。

重新启动 Solaris 后，将提示对系统重新进行设 置，包括缺省语言、 X Server 、网络、时间等的设置。

(1) 语言选择。选择 1 ，简体中文。回车，进入下一步

========================================================================

Select a Language

1.Simplified Chinese

========================================================================

(2) 字符集选择。选择 2 。回车，进入下一步

========================================================================

Select a Locale

1.Simplified Chinese EUC

2.Simplified Chinese GB18030

3.Simplified Chinese GBK

4.Simplified Chinese GBK

5.Simplified Chinese UFT-8

6.Simplified Chinese UFT-8

7.Go Back to Previous Screen

========================================================================

(3) X Server 选择。通过上下键将光标移到 Xorg server ，回车选中。 F2 ，进入下一步

========================================================================

kdmconfig - Introduction and X Server Selection

----------------------

[X] Xorg server

[ ] Xsun server

========================================================================

(4) 网卡设置。系统自动找到网卡。以下步骤中，网卡名以 **** 代表。回车，进入下一步

========================================================================

Configuring network interface addresses: **** ( 回车 )

ipw0 ( 回车 )

========================================================================

(4.1) 网络连接设置。选择 Yes 。 F2 ，进入下一步

========================================================================

Network Connectivity

-----------

[X] Yes

[ ] No

========================================================================

(4.2) 如果有多块网卡，进行网卡选择。 F2 ，进入下一步

========================================================================

Configure Multiple Network Interfaces

--------------------

[X] iprb0

[ ] ipw0

========================================================================

(4.3) 是否使用 DHCP 。选择 No ，进入下一步

========================================================================

DHCP for ****

-----------

[ ] Yes

[X] No

========================================================================

(4.4) 设置网卡的主机名。输入自定义的主机名。 F2 ，进入下一步

========================================================================

Host Name for ****

========================================================================

(4.5) 设置 IP 地址。输入 IP 地址。 F2 ，进入下一步

========================================================================

IP Address for ****

========================================================================

(4.6) 设置子网。选择 Yes 。 F2 ，进入下一步

========================================================================

-----------

[X] Yes

[ ] No

========================================================================

(4.7) 子网掩码设置。输入子网掩码，缺省 255.255.255.0 。 F2 ，进入下一步

========================================================================

Netmask for ****

========================================================================

(4.8) 是否支持 IPv6 。缺省 No 。 F2 ，进入下一步

========================================================================

IPv6 for ****

[ ] Yes

[X] No

========================================================================

(5) 对以上设置进行确认。 F2 ，进入下一步； F4 对前面的设置进行修改

========================================================================

Confirm Information for ****

========================================================================

(6) Kerberos 安全设置。缺省 No 。 F2 ，进入下一步

========================================================================

Configure Security Policy:

--------------------------------

[ ] Yes

[X] No

========================================================================

(7) 名字服务。选择 None 。 F2 ，进入下一步

========================================================================

Name Service

----------------

[ ] NIS+

[ ] NIS

[ ] DNS

[ ] LDAP

[X] None

========================================================================

(8) 名字服务确认。 F2 ，进入下一步

========================================================================

Confirm Information

========================================================================

(9) 时区选择。选择 Asia ，进入下一步

========================================================================

Time Zone

[ ] Americas

[ ] Antarctica

[ ] Arctic Ocean

[X] Asia

[ ] Atlantic Ocean

[ ] Australia

[ ] Europe

[ ] Indian Ocean

[ ] Pacific Ocean

[ ] other - offset from GMT

[ ] other - specify time zone file

(10) 国家和地区选择。选择 China ，进入下一步

========================================================================

Country or Gegion

[ ] Amenia

[ ] ......

[ ] Arctic

[X] China

[ ] ......

[ ]

(11) 日期时间设置。 F2 ，进入下一步

========================================================================

Date and Time

Year (4 digits) : 2006

Month (1-12) : 02

Day (1-31) : 15

Hour (0-23) : 15

Minute (0-59) : 38

========================================================================

(12) 时区和时间确认。 F2 ，进入下一步

========================================================================

Confirm Information

......

F2_Continue F4_Change F6_Help

(13) 设置 root 密码。输入密码。或直接 F2 ，进入下一步

========================================================================

Root Password: ________________

Root Password: ________________

(14) 设置完成。问是否覆盖缺省的 NFS 域名。缺省 no 。回车，自动重启

========================================================================

System identification is completed.

========================================================================

(15) 完

========================================================================

Xorg 是 Solaris 10 使用的图形界面方案。 Solaris 10 在启动时，会根据监测 到的显示设备（显卡，显示器）的型号，生成一个 .xorg.conf 文件（隐藏文件，需运行 ls -a 才能看到），并将其存放在 /etc/X11 目录下。在进入图形界面时，系统根据该文件的内容，加载相应的显示设备的驱动程序，并进行相关的配 置。但使用系统自动生成的缺省 .xorg.conf 文件，有时会遇到显示的分辨率和颜色值较低，甚至图形界面无法进入的问题。这时可使用 Solaris 10 提供的 xorgconfig 工具，根据实际使用的 显示设备的型号手动生成一个 xorg.conf 文件，同样存放在 /etc/X11 目录下。这样 , 系统在加载图形界面的时候，将优先使用 xorg.conf 文件而忽略 .xorg.conf 文件。

在较早的版本中， Solaris 使用的是 XSun 图形界面方案。在 Solaris 10 中，同时支持 XOrg 和 XSun 两种方式，可使用 kdmconfig 命令进行选择。

xorg.conf 文件的格式比较复杂，一般不直接对其进 行编辑，而使用 xorgconfig 来自动生成。

xorgconfig 程序位于 /usr/X11/bin/ 目录下。运行 xorgconfig 过程中，每一个步骤都 有相应的操作提示。除了对显示器和显卡的设置之外，还有对鼠标和键盘进行设置的步骤。

# /usr/X11/bin/xorgconfig

(1) 程序原理说明，回车，进入下一步

========================================================================

This program will create a basic xorg.conf file, based on menu selections

you make. This program will ask for a pathname when it is ready to write

the file.

is present there, Xorg will probe the system to autoconfigure itself.

You can run Xorg -configure to generate a xorg.conf file based on

the results of autoconfiguration, or let this program produce a base

xorg.conf file for your configuration and fine-tune it.

you have, and preferably also the chipset it uses and the amount of video

memory on your video card, as well as the specifications of your monitor.

========================================================================

(2) 选择鼠标类型，建议选 1

========================================================================

First specify a mouse protocol type. Choose one from the following list:

2. VUID

3. SysMouse

4. MouseSystems

5. PS/2

6. Microsoft

7. Busmouse

8. IMPS/2

9. ExplorerPS/2

10. GlidePointPS/2

11. MouseManPlusPS/2

12. NetMousePS/2

13. NetScrollPS/2

14. ThinkingMousePS/2

or don't want OS support or auto detection, and you have a two-button

or three-button serial mouse, it is most likely of type Microsoft.

========================================================================

(2.1) 是否模拟三键鼠标，输入 y ，回车

========================================================================

If your mouse has only two buttons, it is recommended that you enable

Emulate3Buttons.

========================================================================

2.2) 输入鼠标的设备名，回车使用默认的 /dev/mouse( 或 /dev/kdmouse) ；

========================================================================

Now give the full device name that the mouse is connected to, for example

/dev/tty00. Just pressing enter will use the default, /dev/mouse.

========================================================================

(3) 选择键盘类型，建议选 7

========================================================================

description of your keyboard. If nothing really matches,

choose 1 (Generic 101-key PC)

2 Sun Type 6 USB (European layout)

3 Sun Type 6 USB (Japanese layout)

4 Sun Type 6 USB (Unix layout)

5 Generic 101-key PC

6 Generic 102-key (Intl) PC

7 Generic 104-key PC

8 Generic 105-key (Intl) PC

9 Sun Type 4

10 Sun Type 4 (Canadian layout)

11 Sun Type 4 (Japanese layout)

12 Sun Type 4 (European layout)

13 Sun Type 5

14 Sun Type 5 (European layout)

15 Sun Type 5 (Japanese layout)

16 Sun Type 5 (Unix layout)

========================================================================

(3.1) 选择键盘布局，选 1

========================================================================

1 U.S. English

2 U.S. English w/ ISO9995-3

3 U.S. English w/ deadkeys

4 Albanian

5 Arabic

6 Armenian

7 Azerbaijani

8 Belarusian

9 Belgian

10 Bengali

11 Bosnian

12 Brazilian

13 Bulgarian

14 Burmese

15 Canadian

16 French Canadian

17 Croatian

18 Croatian (US)

Press enter for the next page

========================================================================

(3.2) 提示输入键盘变量名，回车使用缺省变量即可

========================================================================

Please enter a variant name for 'us' layout. Or just press enter

for default variant

========================================================================

(3.3) 是否使用 XKB 管理键盘输入， y 或 n 均可

========================================================================

Please answer the following question with either 'y' or 'n'.

Do you want to select additional XKB options (group switcher,

group indicator, etc.)?

========================================================================

(4) 下面进行显示器设置，回车继续

========================================================================

Now we want to set the specifications of the monitor. The two critical

parameters are the vertical refresh rate, which is the rate at which the

the whole screen is refreshed, and most importantly the horizontal sync rate,

which is the rate at which scanlines are displayed.

in the manual of your monitor. If in doubt, check the monitor database

/usr/X11/share/doc/Monitors to see if your monitor is there.

========================================================================

(4.1) 选择显示器水平同步频率，根据显示器支持的分辨率和刷新频率进行选择

========================================================================

You must indicate the horizontal sync range of your monitor. You can either

select one of the predefined ranges below that correspond to industry-

standard monitor types, or give a specific range.

sync range that is beyond the capabilities of your monitor. If in doubt,

choose a conservative setting.

1 31.5; Standard VGA, 640x480 @ 60 Hz

2 31.5 - 35.1; Super VGA, 800x600 @ 56 Hz

3 31.5, 35.5; 8514 Compatible, 1024x768 @ 87 Hz interlaced (no 800x600)

4 31.5, 35.15, 35.5; Super VGA, 1024x768 @ 87 Hz interlaced, 800x600 @ 56 Hz

5 31.5 - 37.9; Extended Super VGA, 800x600 @ 60 Hz, 640x480 @ 72 Hz

6 31.5 - 48.5; Non-Interlaced SVGA, 1024x768 @ 60 Hz, 800x600 @ 72 Hz

7 31.5 - 57.0; High Frequency SVGA, 1024x768 @ 70 Hz

8 31.5 - 64.3; Monitor that can do 1280x1024 @ 60 Hz

9 31.5 - 79.0; Monitor that can do 1280x1024 @ 74 Hz

10 31.5 - 82.0; Monitor that can do 1280x1024 @ 76 Hz

11 Enter your own horizontal sync range

========================================================================

(4.2) 选择显示器刷新频率，建议选 2

========================================================================

You must indicate the vertical sync range of your monitor. You can either

select one of the predefined ranges below that correspond to industry-

standard monitor types, or give a specific range. For interlaced modes,

the number that counts is the high one (e.g. 87 Hz rather than 43 Hz).

2 50-90

3 50-100

4 40-150

5 Enter your own vertical sync range

========================================================================

(5) 选择显卡类型，输入一个描述符，可以直接回车继续

========================================================================

You must now enter a few identification/description strings, namely an

identifier, a vendor name, and a model name. Just pressing enter will fill

in default names.

Enter an identifier for your monitor definition:

========================================================================

(5.1) 是否查看显卡模块数据库选择一个合适的模块，输入 y ；

========================================================================

Now we must configure video card specific settings. At this point you can

choose to make a selection out of a database of video card definitions.

Because there can be variation in Ramdacs and clock generators even

between cards of the same model, it is not sensible to blindly copy

the settings (e.g. a Device section). For this reason, after you make a

selection, you will still be asked about the components of the card, with

the settings from the chosen database entry presented as a strong hint.

run, the Ramdac and ClockChip, and comments that will be included in the

Device section. However, a lot of definitions only hint about what driver

to run (based on the chipset the card uses) and are untested.

You should only choose a database entry that is exactly the same model as

your card; choosing one that looks similar is just a bad idea (e.g. a

GemStone Snail 64 may be as different from a GemStone Snail 64+ in terms of

hardware as can be).

========================================================================

(5.2) 回车翻页，找到所使用显卡的型号，输入相应序号

========================================================================

18 ** NVIDIA (generic) [nv] -

19 ** NeoMagic (generic) [neomagic] -

20 ** Number Nine I128 (generic) [i128] -

21 ** Rendition (generic) [rendition] -

22 ** S3 (not ViRGE or Savage) (generic) [s3] -

23 ** S3 Savage (generic) [savage] -

24 ** S3 ViRGE (generic) [s3virge] -

25 ** SiS (generic) [sis] -

26 ** Silicon Motion (generic) [siliconmotion]-

27 ** Trident (generic) [trident] -

28 ** Tseng Labs (generic) [tseng] -

29 ** VMWare guest OS (generic) [vmware] -

30 2 the Max MAXColor S3 Trio64V+ -

31 2-the-Max MAXColor 6000 ET6000

32 3DLabs Oxygen GMX PERMEDIA 2

33 928Movie S3 928

34 AGX (generic) AGX-014/15/16

35 ALG-5434(E) CL-GD5434

====================